ISS Science for Everyone
The High Definition Earth Viewing (HDEV) experiment places four commercially available HD cameras on the exterior of the space station and uses them to stream live video of Earth for viewing online. The cameras are enclosed in a temperature specific housing and are exposed to the harsh radiation of space. Analysis of the effect of space on the video quality, over the time HDEV is operational, may help engineers decide which cameras are the best types to use on future missions. High school students helped design some of the cameras' components, through the High Schools United with NASA to Create Hardware (HUNCH) program, and student teams operate the experiment.
Experiment Details
OpNom: HDEV
Principal Investigator(s)
Susan Runco, M.S., Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, United States
Co-Investigator(s)/Collaborator(s)
Carlos Fontanot, Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, United States Lori Motes
David Hornyak, Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, United States
Developer(s)
NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, United States
Sponsoring Space Agency
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Sponsoring Organization
Technology Demonstration Office (TDO)
Research Benefits
Information Pending
ISS Expedition Duration 1
March 2014 - March 2017
Expeditions Assigned
39/40,41/42,43/44,45/46,47/48,49/50
Experiment Description
Co-Investigator(s)/Collaborator(s)
Carlos Fontanot, Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, United States Lori Motes
David Hornyak, Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, United States
Developer(s)
NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, United States
Sponsoring Space Agency
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Sponsoring Organization
Technology Demonstration Office (TDO)
Research Benefits
Information Pending
ISS Expedition Duration 1
March 2014 - March 2017
Expeditions Assigned
39/40,41/42,43/44,45/46,47/48,49/50
Experiment Description
Research Overview
- The High Definition Earth Viewing (HDEV) investigation places four different commercial high definition cameras external to the International Space Station (ISS) on the Columbus External Facility.
- These cameras video will assess camera quality for space use while taking Earth imagery.
- These cameras assess the hardware's ability to survive and function in the extreme radioactive environment of Low Earth Orbit (LEO).
- Educational outreach has been an important component of the HDEV project through the entire projects life cycle. NASA HUNCH program students fabricated some of the HDEV flight components, and most of the HDEV operation will be performed by students teams.
Description
The High Definition Earth Viewing HDEV primary objective is to validate the space-based performance of the cameras in a variety of operating modes to exercise and demonstrate the features and longevity of the COTS equipment for future ISS Program usage. This payload is an external earth viewing multiple camera system using a set of Commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) cameras. The HDEV integrated assembly is composed of a camera system of four COTS cameras, integrated Command and Data Handling (C&DH) avionics (ethernet), and a power data distribution box that allows the integration of the payload's components interface to the ISS Columbus module.
The HDEV visible HD video cameras are a fixed payload camera system that requires no zoom, no pan or tilt mechanisms. The four fixed cameras are positioned to capture imagery of the Earth’s surface and its limb as seen from the ISS (i.e., one camera forward pointed into the station’s velocity vector, two cameras aft (wake), and the other one camera pointing nadir). The video imagery is encoded into an Ethernet compatible format for transmission to the ground and further distribution. In this format, the video can be viewed from any computer connected to the internet.
The HDEV does not record video on board the ISS, all video is transmitted to the ground real time; any desired recording of the video occurs as ground operations. The COTS cameras, COTS encoder and other electronics are enclosed in a pressurized box to provide a level of protection to the electronics from the space environment. The Enclosure contains dry nitrogen at Atmospheric pressure.
The NASA High School Students United with NASA to Create Hardware (HUNCH) program participated in the development of the HDEV. The HDEV project partnered with the HUNCH program to build several structural and support components of the HDEV flight system.
HDEV Design for Operations: The HDEV operates one camera at a time. The HDEV is designed so that when the system is initially powered on, after a 1-2 minute warm up period, the Cameras are turned on one at a time in a repeating cycle. The Forward looking camera is powered first, followed by the Nadir and each aft looking camera, such that the HDEV video “follows” a location on the earth as the ISS passes overhead.This auto-cycle mode of the HDEV does not require any input from ground operators, so the HDEV can be operated any time that the ISS power and data resources are available, without requiring a ground controller present to operate the payload. The only command required, is the initial “power on” command, which is performed by ESA's Columbus Control Center as schedule by ISS Payload Operations.
Alternately as desired by ground controllers, the HDEV video can be commanded. Ground operators have the choice to change the cycle of the images noted in the auto-cycle mode (either changing which cameras that are powered on, or changing the length of time they are powered on), or, if desired, ground controllers can command a single camera to remain powered on and no auto-cycle to take place.
The HDEV is operated from a standard ISS TReK workstation with HDEV specific software installed.
Operations: Camera/system longevity performance--initially when installed on orbit, the cameras are turned on and video is recorded (on ground) to establish initial camera image quality. Periodically during HDEV operations the camera video images are recorded and compared to previous video. The video image analysis over time will document how well each of the camera systems hold up in the space environment.
Public Relations: The HDEV video is available to the public over the internet, at the ISS Imagery web site. The HDEV imagery is displayed next to an ISS location map (showing where the ISS is located over the earth as the video is viewed).
Continued Educational Outreach: The majority of HDEV operations are performed by student teams through the life of the project.
ApplicationsThe High Definition Earth Viewing HDEV primary objective is to validate the space-based performance of the cameras in a variety of operating modes to exercise and demonstrate the features and longevity of the COTS equipment for future ISS Program usage. This payload is an external earth viewing multiple camera system using a set of Commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) cameras. The HDEV integrated assembly is composed of a camera system of four COTS cameras, integrated Command and Data Handling (C&DH) avionics (ethernet), and a power data distribution box that allows the integration of the payload's components interface to the ISS Columbus module.
The HDEV visible HD video cameras are a fixed payload camera system that requires no zoom, no pan or tilt mechanisms. The four fixed cameras are positioned to capture imagery of the Earth’s surface and its limb as seen from the ISS (i.e., one camera forward pointed into the station’s velocity vector, two cameras aft (wake), and the other one camera pointing nadir). The video imagery is encoded into an Ethernet compatible format for transmission to the ground and further distribution. In this format, the video can be viewed from any computer connected to the internet.
The HDEV does not record video on board the ISS, all video is transmitted to the ground real time; any desired recording of the video occurs as ground operations. The COTS cameras, COTS encoder and other electronics are enclosed in a pressurized box to provide a level of protection to the electronics from the space environment. The Enclosure contains dry nitrogen at Atmospheric pressure.
The NASA High School Students United with NASA to Create Hardware (HUNCH) program participated in the development of the HDEV. The HDEV project partnered with the HUNCH program to build several structural and support components of the HDEV flight system.
HDEV Design for Operations: The HDEV operates one camera at a time. The HDEV is designed so that when the system is initially powered on, after a 1-2 minute warm up period, the Cameras are turned on one at a time in a repeating cycle. The Forward looking camera is powered first, followed by the Nadir and each aft looking camera, such that the HDEV video “follows” a location on the earth as the ISS passes overhead.This auto-cycle mode of the HDEV does not require any input from ground operators, so the HDEV can be operated any time that the ISS power and data resources are available, without requiring a ground controller present to operate the payload. The only command required, is the initial “power on” command, which is performed by ESA's Columbus Control Center as schedule by ISS Payload Operations.
Alternately as desired by ground controllers, the HDEV video can be commanded. Ground operators have the choice to change the cycle of the images noted in the auto-cycle mode (either changing which cameras that are powered on, or changing the length of time they are powered on), or, if desired, ground controllers can command a single camera to remain powered on and no auto-cycle to take place.
The HDEV is operated from a standard ISS TReK workstation with HDEV specific software installed.
Operations: Camera/system longevity performance--initially when installed on orbit, the cameras are turned on and video is recorded (on ground) to establish initial camera image quality. Periodically during HDEV operations the camera video images are recorded and compared to previous video. The video image analysis over time will document how well each of the camera systems hold up in the space environment.
Public Relations: The HDEV video is available to the public over the internet, at the ISS Imagery web site. The HDEV imagery is displayed next to an ISS location map (showing where the ISS is located over the earth as the video is viewed).
Continued Educational Outreach: The majority of HDEV operations are performed by student teams through the life of the project.
Space Applications
HDEV tests commercially available HD cameras for future space missions. Using off-the-shelf products is often more cost-effective than designing new ones for space applications. Ground tests have shown that these cameras could survive the simulated space environment, but actual exposure to low-Earth orbit proves how durable and well they work in the extremely harsh conditions of space.
HDEV tests commercially available HD cameras for future space missions. Using off-the-shelf products is often more cost-effective than designing new ones for space applications. Ground tests have shown that these cameras could survive the simulated space environment, but actual exposure to low-Earth orbit proves how durable and well they work in the extremely harsh conditions of space.
Earth Applications
This investigation conducts Earth observations using high definition video which provides broad area or panoramic views of how the Earth looks from the International Space Station. Students have helped to design some of the cameras' components, and the public can view the camera feeds streaming live online.
OperationsThis investigation conducts Earth observations using high definition video which provides broad area or panoramic views of how the Earth looks from the International Space Station. Students have helped to design some of the cameras' components, and the public can view the camera feeds streaming live online.
Operational Requirements
The camera system is installed externally on the CEPA. Power and periodic video downlink following power on is required.
The camera system is installed externally on the CEPA. Power and periodic video downlink following power on is required.
Operational Protocols
Individual cameras are powered on and off automatically or as required to attain video data.
Individual cameras are powered on and off automatically or as required to attain video data.
Results Publications
Rienow A, Graw V, Heinemann S, Menz G, Schultz J, Selg F, Weppler J.
Experiencing space by exploring the Earth -
Easy-to-use image processing tools in school lessons. 66th International Astronautical Congress, Jerusalem, Israel; 2015 October 7 pp.
ISS HD Earth Viewing Experiment USTREAM
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